x86-64 Machine Code Encoding: SIB Byte Structure and Use Cases

The Scale-Index-Base (SIB) byte is an essential extension of the ModR/M byte in x86-64 instruction encoding, enabling complex memory addressing modes ...

x86-64 Machine Code Encoding : ModR/M Encoding with Examples

The ModR/M byte is a crucial component of x86-64 machine code encoding that specifies the addressing mode, the register operand, and the memory addres...

x86-64 Machine Code Encoding : Overview of Machine Code Format

  Machine code encoding in the x86-64 architecture is a complex, multi-component format designed to provide flexible and efficient instruction repres...

Designing an x86-64 Assembler: Detailed Examples for Each Instruction Class

In this section, we provide concrete, detailed examples for the primary instruction classes covered in this chapter. These examples illustrate typical...

Stack Memory: A Low-Level Deep Dive into Origins, Performance, Limits, and Risks

 Introduction In this article, we’ll take a deep and low-level look into Stack Memory, a crucial concept in system design and runtime execution. We...

Designing an x86-64 Assembler: SIMD Instructions

 1. SIMD Instructions Overview Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) instructions are a critical component of the x86-64 architecture that enable p...

Designing an x86-64 Assembler: System-Level Instructions

 1. Overview of System-Level Instructions System-level instructions in the x86-64 architecture provide critical capabilities to control and interact ...

Designing an x86-64 Assembler: String Instructions

 1. Overview of String Instructions String instructions in the x86-64 ISA provide specialized operations designed to efficiently manipulate sequences...

Designing an x86-64 Assembler: Stack Manipulation

 1. Stack Manipulation Instructions Overview Stack manipulation instructions form a core subset of the x86-64 instruction set, enabling explicit cont...

Designing an x86-64 Assembler: Control Flow1. Control Flow Instructions Overview

Control flow instructions direct the execution sequence of a program by altering the normal linear flow of instructions. They enable decision-making, ...

The GPU: From Accelerating Games to Powering the AI Revolution

In 1999, the first true Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) was born under the name GeForce 256 by NVIDIA, announced as the "world’s first GPU." But befo...

Designing an x86-64 Assembler: Arithmetic and Logic

 1. Arithmetic and Logic Instructions Overview Arithmetic and logic instructions form the core computational capabilities of the x86-64 processor. Th...